Kocuria rosea

General Information

Kocuria rosea is a fascinating microorganism belonging to the genus Kocuria, which is part of the family Micrococcaceae. This bacterium is particularly interesting due to its pigmentation, which gives it a distinctive pink to red color. This pigmentation is not just for show; it is associated with the production of carotenoid compounds, which have antioxidant properties and potential applications in biotechnology and medicine. One of the most notable aspects of Kocuria rosea is its ability to survive in extreme environments. It has been isolated from diverse habitats, including soil, water, and even extreme environments like the high-altitude Atacama Desert. This resilience makes it a subject of interest for studies on extremophiles and their potential uses in bioremediation and other industrial applications. Additionally, Kocuria rosea has been studied for its antimicrobial properties. It produces substances that can inhibit the growth of other microorganisms, making it a potential candidate for the development of new antibiotics. This is particularly valuable in the context of rising antibiotic resistance. In the realm of biotechnology, Kocuria rosea has shown promise in the degradation of pollutants. Its enzymes can break down complex organic compounds, which could be harnessed for environmental cleanup efforts. This biodegradation capability is an area of active research, with potential applications in treating industrial waste and reducing environmental pollution. Overall, Kocuria rosea is a microorganism of significant interest due to its unique pigmentation, resilience in extreme environments, antimicrobial properties, and potential applications in biotechnology and environmental science. Its diverse capabilities make it a valuable subject for ongoing research and potential industrial applications.

Kocuria rosea is a fascinating microorganism belonging to the family Micrococcaceae. This species is notable for its ubiquitous presence in various environments, including soil, water, and even on human skin. Its ability to thrive in diverse habitats makes it an interesting subject for ecological and environmental studies. One of the unique characteristics of Kocuria rosea is its production of carotenoid pigments, which contribute to its distinctive pink coloration. These pigments not only provide the organism with protection against oxidative stress but also have potential applications in the food and cosmetic industries as natural colorants. From a research perspective, Kocuria rosea has garnered attention due to its antimicrobial properties. Studies have shown that it can produce various bioactive compounds that inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria, making it a candidate for developing new antimicrobial agents. This characteristic is particularly valuable in the context of rising antibiotic resistance, as researchers seek alternative sources for effective treatments. Additionally, Kocuria rosea has been explored for its biotechnological applications, including its use in bioremediation processes. Its ability to degrade certain pollutants positions it as a potential agent for cleaning contaminated environments, thus contributing to environmental sustainability efforts. Overall, Kocuria rosea stands out not only for its ecological versatility but also for its promising applications in health and environmental sciences, making it a valuable organism for ongoing research.

Taxonomy

Superkingdom: Bacteria

Phylum: Actinomycetota

Class: Actinomycetes

Order: Micrococcales

Family: Micrococcaceae

Genus: Kocuria

Species: Kocuria rosea

NCBI ID

1275

Genome Info

FTP Path:
ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genomes/all/GCF/006/094/695/GCF_006094695.1_ASM609469v1

File for sequence-based predictions:
GCF_006094695.1_ASM609469v1_genomic.fasta

Descriptions

Clinical Implications and Relevance

Source: gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18

The microorganism Kocuria rosea is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming cocci that is part of the normal flora of human skin and mucous membranes. While it is generally considered a commensal organism, it has been associated with various clinical implications, particularly in immunocompromised patients. Infections caused by Kocuria rosea can include bacteremia, endocarditis, and wound infections, especially in individuals with underlying health conditions or those with indwelling medical devices. The organism's ability to form biofilms contributes to its pathogenicity, making it a concern in nosocomial infections. In terms of antimicrobial resistance, Kocuria rosea has shown resistance to several commonly used antibiotics, including methicillin, which raises concerns for treatment options in infected patients. This resistance is often attributed to the acquisition of resistance genes and the organism's inherent ability to survive in hostile environments. Interestingly, Kocuria rosea has also been studied for its potential probiotic properties, as it may contribute to the maintenance of skin health and the prevention of pathogenic infections. Its role in the human microbiome highlights the dual nature of this organism as both a potential pathogen and a beneficial microbe. Overall, while Kocuria rosea is not a common pathogen, its clinical relevance cannot be overlooked, particularly in vulnerable populations.

Habitat and Ecological Niches

Source: gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18

Kocuria rosea is a versatile microorganism commonly found in a variety of habitat types, showcasing its adaptability to different environmental conditions. This bacterium is primarily associated with soil ecosystems, where it plays a crucial role in nutrient cycling and organic matter decomposition. Its presence in the soil contributes to the overall health of the ecosystem by enhancing soil fertility and promoting plant growth through the breakdown of complex organic compounds. In addition to soil, Kocuria rosea is frequently isolated from marine environments, particularly in coastal areas. Here, it can be found in intertidal zones and sediments, where it participates in the degradation of organic materials and contributes to the microbial community's diversity. Its ability to thrive in saline conditions demonstrates its ecological adaptability. Furthermore, Kocuria rosea has been identified in freshwater habitats, including lakes and rivers, where it can influence the microbial dynamics of these ecosystems. Its interactions with other microorganisms can lead to beneficial symbiotic relationships, enhancing the overall microbial community structure. Notably, Kocuria rosea is also recognized for its potential in bioremediation, as it can degrade various pollutants, thus playing a significant role in environmental cleanup efforts. This capability highlights its importance not only in natural ecosystems but also in human-managed environments, where it can help mitigate the impacts of pollution. Overall, Kocuria rosea exemplifies a microorganism that thrives in diverse biomes, contributing to ecological balance and demonstrating significant environmental adaptability.

Industrial Application

Source: gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18

The microorganism Kocuria rosea has shown significant potential in various industrial applications. One of the primary areas of interest is in biotechnology, where Kocuria rosea is utilized for its ability to produce a range of enzymes that can be harnessed in biocatalysis processes. These enzymes are particularly valuable in the food industry for applications such as fermentation, where they can enhance flavor profiles and improve the texture of food products. In the realm of waste management, Kocuria rosea has demonstrated capabilities in biodegradation, particularly in the breakdown of pollutants and organic waste. This makes it a candidate for use in bioremediation strategies aimed at cleaning up contaminated environments, such as oil spills or heavy metal-laden sites. Furthermore, the organism has been explored for its role in biofuel production. Its metabolic pathways can be leveraged to convert biomass into biofuels through fermentation processes, potentially leading to more sustainable energy sources. In pharmaceutical development, Kocuria rosea has been noted for its production of bioactive compounds, which may have therapeutic properties. This includes the synthesis of antimicrobial agents that could be used in the development of new drugs. Overall, Kocuria rosea presents a versatile profile with applications spanning biotechnology, waste management, biofuel production, and pharmaceutical development, making it a valuable organism in various industrial sectors.

Phenotypes and Predictions

The table shows the phenotypes and predictions. Cell colors indicate the class of the value. When literature-based data is available, a checkmark (✓) indicates a correct prediction, while an ✗ indicates an incorrect prediction.

Literature-based phenotypes: 9

LLM predicted phenotypes: 4

Phenotype	High-quality annotation	mistralai/mistral-7b-instruct	google/gemini-flash-1.5	google/gemini-pro-1.5	microsoft/phi-3-mini-128k-instruct	google/gemini-pro	google/gemma-7b-it	mistralai/mixtral-8x7b-instruct:nitro	meta-llama/llama-3-8b-instruct:nitro	perplexity/llama-3-sonar-small-32k-chat	openchat/openchat-7b	meta-llama/llama-3-70b-instruct:nitro	meta-llama/llama-3-70b-instruct:nitro	openai/gpt-3.5-turbo-0125	openai/gpt-3.5-turbo-0125	google/palm-2-chat-bison-32k	google/palm-2-chat-bison-32k	openai/gpt-4	openai/gpt-4	microsoft/wizardlm-2-8x22b	microsoft/wizardlm-2-8x22b	openai/gpt-4o	openai/gpt-4o	anthropic/claude-3.5-sonnet	anthropic/claude-3.5-sonnet	anthropic/claude-3-haiku:beta	anthropic/claude-3-haiku:beta
Motility	FALSE	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	true ✗	false ✓	true ✗	false ✓	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓
Gram staining	gram stain positive	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain negative ✗	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain negative ✗	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓
Aerophilicity	aerobic	aerotolerant ✗	N/A	aerobic ✓	facultatively anaerobic ✗	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	aerobic ✓	aerobic ✓	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	aerobic ✓	aerobic ✓	aerobic ✓	aerobic ✓	aerobic ✓	aerobic ✓	aerobic ✓	aerobic ✓	aerobic ✓	aerobic ✓	N/A	N/A
Extreme environment tolerance	FALSE	false ✓	true ✗	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓
Biofilm formation	N/A	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true
Animal pathogenicity	N/A	false	false	false	false	false	true	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	true	true	false	false	false	false	false	false
Biosafety level	biosafety level 1	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓
Health association	N/A	false	true	true	false	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	false	false	true	true	false	false	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true
Host association	FALSE	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	false ✓	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗
Plant pathogenicity	FALSE	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓
Spore formation	FALSE	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓
Hemolysis	N/A	N/A	gamma	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Cell shape	coccus	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	bacillus ✗	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓

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