Actinomadura mexicana

General Information

Actinomadura mexicana is a fascinating microorganism belonging to the genus Actinomadura. This genus is known for its complex life cycle and the production of a wide array of secondary metabolites. One of the most noteworthy characteristics of A. mexicana is its ability to produce bioactive compounds, which have significant potential in pharmaceutical applications. These compounds include antibiotics, antifungals, and antitumor agents, making A. mexicana a valuable subject for drug discovery and development. Another unique feature of A. mexicana is its filamentous structure, which resembles that of fungi, despite being a bacterium. This filamentous growth allows it to form intricate mycelial networks, which can be observed under a microscope. The organism's ability to degrade complex organic materials also makes it an interesting candidate for studies in biodegradation and environmental remediation. From a research perspective, A. mexicana is particularly valuable due to its genetic and metabolic diversity. The organism's genome harbors numerous gene clusters responsible for the biosynthesis of its diverse secondary metabolites. This genetic wealth provides a rich resource for biotechnological exploitation, including the engineering of novel compounds with enhanced therapeutic properties. In summary, Actinomadura mexicana stands out due to its bioactive compound production, filamentous structure, and genetic diversity, making it a microorganism of significant interest in both pharmaceutical and environmental research.

Actinomadura mexicana is a fascinating species of actinobacteria known for its unique metabolic capabilities and its role in the production of bioactive compounds. This microorganism is particularly interesting due to its ability to produce a variety of antibiotics and other secondary metabolites, which have significant implications in pharmaceutical research. One of the most notable aspects of A. mexicana is its capacity to synthesize actinomycin, a potent antibiotic that has been extensively studied for its anticancer properties. This makes A. mexicana a valuable organism in the field of natural product chemistry and drug discovery. Researchers are particularly interested in exploring the genetic and biochemical pathways involved in the biosynthesis of these compounds, which could lead to the development of new therapeutic agents. Additionally, A. mexicana is known for its adaptability to various environmental conditions, which allows it to thrive in diverse habitats. This adaptability not only contributes to its ecological significance but also enhances its potential for biotechnological applications, such as bioremediation and the production of industrial enzymes. The organism's genomic features have also been a subject of interest, as they provide insights into the evolutionary relationships within the actinobacteria and the genetic basis for its metabolic diversity. Overall, Actinomadura mexicana stands out as a promising candidate for further research, particularly in the realms of antibiotic development and environmental biotechnology.

Taxonomy

Superkingdom: Bacteria

Phylum: Actinomycetota

Class: Actinomycetes

Order: Streptosporangiales

Family: Thermomonosporaceae

Genus: Actinomadura

Species: Actinomadura mexicana

NCBI ID

134959

Genome Info

FTP Path:
ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genomes/all/GCA/900/188/105/GCA_900188105.1_IMG-taxon_2724679706_annotated_assembly

File for sequence-based predictions:
GCA_900188105.1_IMG-taxon_2724679706_annotated_assembly_genomic.fasta

Descriptions

Clinical Implications and Relevance

Source: gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18

The organism Actinomadura mexicana is a filamentous bacterium that has garnered attention due to its clinical implications, particularly in the context of infections and its role in human health. It is known to be associated with mycetoma, a chronic granulomatous disease that primarily affects the skin, subcutaneous tissues, and bones. This condition is characterized by the formation of tumor-like swellings and can lead to significant morbidity if left untreated. The organism is also implicated in other types of soft tissue infections, especially in immunocompromised individuals. In terms of pathogenicity, Actinomadura mexicana exhibits several strategies to evade the immune response, including the production of extracellular polysaccharides that can inhibit phagocytosis by immune cells. This ability to evade the host's defenses contributes to its persistence in infected tissues. Moreover, there are concerns regarding antimicrobial resistance associated with Actinomadura mexicana. Reports indicate that strains may exhibit resistance to commonly used antibiotics, complicating treatment options for infections caused by this organism. This resistance underscores the importance of susceptibility testing in clinical settings to guide effective therapy. Interestingly, Actinomadura mexicana has also been studied for its potential medical applications. It is known to produce various bioactive compounds, including antibiotics, which may have therapeutic uses. Research into its metabolites could lead to the development of new antimicrobial agents, particularly in the face of rising antibiotic resistance. Overall, Actinomadura mexicana represents a significant organism in the field of medical microbiology, with implications for both infectious diseases and the development of novel therapeutics.

Habitat and Ecological Niches

Source: gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18

Actinomadura mexicana is a filamentous bacterium commonly found in soil ecosystems and decaying organic matter. This microorganism thrives in terrestrial biomes, particularly in regions with rich organic content, such as tropical and subtropical forests and temperate grasslands. Its ability to degrade complex organic compounds makes it a vital player in nutrient cycling within these environments. In its natural habitat, Actinomadura mexicana engages in decomposition, breaking down organic materials and contributing to soil fertility. This process not only enriches the soil but also supports a diverse array of plant life, showcasing its role as a keystone species in maintaining ecosystem health. Additionally, Actinomadura mexicana is known for its symbiotic relationships with various plants, where it can enhance nutrient uptake, particularly in nutrient-poor soils. This interaction exemplifies its importance in plant-microbe interactions, promoting plant growth and resilience. Furthermore, this bacterium exhibits remarkable environmental adaptability, allowing it to thrive in varying conditions, including changes in moisture and temperature. Its resilience contributes to its widespread presence in different biomes, making it a significant organism in ecological studies and applications in biotechnology, particularly in the production of antibiotics and other bioactive compounds.

Industrial Application

Source: gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18

The microorganism Actinomadura mexicana has shown significant potential in various industrial applications. One of the most notable areas is in biotechnology, where Actinomadura mexicana is utilized for its ability to produce a range of bioactive compounds, including antibiotics and enzymes. This organism is particularly known for its role in fermentation, where it can be harnessed to synthesize valuable metabolites that have pharmaceutical significance. In the realm of waste management, Actinomadura mexicana has demonstrated capabilities in biodegradation, particularly in the breakdown of complex organic materials. This property makes it a candidate for use in bioremediation processes, where it can help in the detoxification of contaminated environments, such as soil and water polluted with hazardous substances. Furthermore, Actinomadura mexicana has been explored for its potential in biofuel production. Its metabolic pathways can be leveraged to convert biomass into biofuels through fermentation processes, contributing to sustainable energy solutions. In pharmaceutical development, the secondary metabolites produced by Actinomadura mexicana have been investigated for their therapeutic properties, leading to the discovery of new drugs. The organism's ability to produce unique compounds makes it a valuable resource in the search for novel pharmaceuticals. Overall, Actinomadura mexicana exemplifies the versatility of microorganisms in various industries, particularly through its involvement in fermentation, biodegradation, and the production of bioactive compounds, making it a significant player in the fields of biotechnology, waste management, and pharmaceuticals.

Phenotypes and Predictions

The table shows the phenotypes and predictions. Cell colors indicate the class of the value. When literature-based data is available, a checkmark (✓) indicates a correct prediction, while an ✗ indicates an incorrect prediction.

Literature-based phenotypes: 8

LLM predicted phenotypes: 5

Phenotype	High-quality annotation	meta-llama/llama-3-70b-instruct:nitro	google/gemini-flash-1.5	google/palm-2-chat-bison-32k	google/gemini-pro-1.5	anthropic/claude-3.5-sonnet	mistralai/mistral-7b-instruct	perplexity/llama-3-sonar-small-32k-chat	anthropic/claude-3-haiku:beta	openai/gpt-3.5-turbo-0125	openai/gpt-3.5-turbo-0125	meta-llama/llama-3-8b-instruct:nitro	meta-llama/llama-3-8b-instruct:nitro	openai/gpt-4	openai/gpt-4	openai/gpt-4o	openai/gpt-4o	google/gemini-pro	google/gemini-pro	google/gemma-7b-it	google/gemma-7b-it	mistralai/mixtral-8x7b-instruct:nitro	mistralai/mixtral-8x7b-instruct:nitro	openchat/openchat-7b	openchat/openchat-7b	microsoft/wizardlm-2-8x22b	microsoft/wizardlm-2-8x22b	microsoft/phi-3-mini-128k-instruct	microsoft/phi-3-mini-128k-instruct
Motility	FALSE	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	true ✗	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓
Gram staining	gram stain positive	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain variable ✗	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain variable ✗
Aerophilicity	aerobic	aerobic ✓	N/A	aerobic ✓	aerobic ✓	aerobic ✓	N/A	N/A	N/A	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	aerotolerant ✗	aerotolerant ✗	aerobic ✓	aerobic ✓	aerobic ✓	aerobic ✓	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	aerobic ✓	aerobic ✓	N/A	N/A
Extreme environment tolerance	FALSE	false ✓	true ✗	false ✓	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	false ✓	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	true ✗	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	true ✗	true ✗
Biofilm formation	N/A	false	true	true	false	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	false	false	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	false	false	true	true	true	true
Animal pathogenicity	N/A	false	false	false	false	false	false	true	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	true	true	true	true	false	false	false	false	true	true	false	false
Biosafety level	biosafety level 1	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 3 ✗	biosafety level 3 ✗	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 3 ✗	biosafety level 3 ✗
Health association	N/A	true	true	true	false	false	false	true	true	false	false	false	false	false	false	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true
Host association	N/A	true	true	false	false	false	false	true	true	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	true	true	false	false	true	true	false	false	true	true	true	true
Plant pathogenicity	FALSE	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓
Spore formation	TRUE	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	false ✗	false ✗	true ✓	true ✓	false ✗	false ✗	false ✗	false ✗	false ✗	false ✗
Hemolysis	N/A	N/A	gamma	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Cell shape	bacillus	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	N/A	N/A	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓

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