Enterococcus ratti

General Information

Enterococcus ratti is a species of bacteria within the genus Enterococcus. This microorganism is particularly interesting due to its adaptation to the gastrointestinal tract of rodents, which makes it a valuable model for studying host-microbe interactions in mammalian systems. E. ratti has been isolated from the intestines of rats, and its presence in this niche suggests it plays a role in the complex microbial ecosystem of the gut. One of the unique aspects of E. ratti is its potential for antibiotic resistance. Like other members of the Enterococcus genus, it can harbor genes that confer resistance to multiple antibiotics, making it a subject of interest in the study of antimicrobial resistance mechanisms. This characteristic is particularly important given the rising concern over antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Additionally, E. ratti is valuable for research into probiotic applications. Its ability to survive and thrive in the gut environment suggests it could be explored for its potential benefits in promoting gut health or as a vector for delivering therapeutic agents within the gastrointestinal tract. In summary, Enterococcus ratti stands out due to its ecological niche in the rodent gut, its relevance to antibiotic resistance research, and its potential applications in probiotic development. These features make it a significant organism for various fields of microbiological and biomedical research.

Enterococcus ratti is a fascinating species of lactic acid bacteria that has garnered attention for its unique ecological niche and potential applications in biotechnology. This organism is primarily isolated from the gastrointestinal tracts of rodents, particularly rats, which highlights its role in the gut microbiome of these animals. Its ability to thrive in such a specific environment makes it an interesting subject for studies on host-microbe interactions and the evolution of gut microbiota. One of the notable characteristics of E. ratti is its capacity to ferment a variety of carbohydrates, producing lactic acid as a primary end product. This metabolic versatility not only contributes to its survival in the competitive gut environment but also positions it as a potential candidate for use in probiotic formulations. The implications of this are significant, as probiotics derived from E. ratti could enhance gut health and improve digestion in both humans and animals. Furthermore, Enterococcus species, including E. ratti, are known for their resilience and ability to survive in harsh conditions, such as high salinity and varying pH levels. This resilience makes E. ratti a valuable organism for research into microbial survival strategies and adaptation mechanisms. Understanding these traits can provide insights into the development of more robust probiotics and biotechnological applications. In addition, the genetic and biochemical pathways of E. ratti are of interest for researchers studying antibiotic resistance, as some Enterococcus species are known to harbor resistance genes. Investigating E. ratti could shed light on the transfer of resistance traits among bacteria, which is a growing concern in public health. Thus, Enterococcus ratti stands out not only for its ecological significance but also for its potential contributions to health and disease research.

Taxonomy

Superkingdom: Bacteria

Phylum: Bacillota

Class: Bacilli

Order: Lactobacillales

Family: Enterococcaceae

Genus: Enterococcus

Species: Enterococcus ratti

NCBI ID

150033

Genome Info

FTP Path:
ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genomes/all/GCF/001/886/195/GCF_001886195.1_ASM188619v1

File for sequence-based predictions:
GCF_001886195.1_ASM188619v1_genomic.fasta

Descriptions

Clinical Implications and Relevance

Source: gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18

The organism Enterococcus ratti is a Gram-positive bacterium that is part of the normal gut flora in various mammals, including humans. While it is generally considered non-pathogenic, it has been associated with certain clinical implications, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. Infections caused by E. ratti are rare but can occur, especially in patients with underlying health conditions or those undergoing invasive procedures. These infections may manifest as urinary tract infections or wound infections, highlighting the organism's potential pathogenicity under specific circumstances. One of the notable aspects of E. ratti is its antimicrobial resistance. Like other members of the Enterococcus genus, it can exhibit resistance to multiple antibiotics, including vancomycin, which poses a significant challenge in clinical settings. This resistance is often attributed to the acquisition of resistance genes and can complicate treatment options for infections. In terms of immune evasion, E. ratti may employ various strategies to survive in hostile environments, such as the production of biofilms, which can protect it from both the host immune response and antibiotic treatment. This characteristic is particularly concerning in nosocomial infections, where biofilm formation can lead to persistent infections. Despite its potential pathogenicity, E. ratti may also have beneficial roles, particularly in the context of probiotics. Some studies suggest that certain Enterococcus species can contribute positively to gut health, although the specific benefits of E. ratti require further investigation. Overall, while E. ratti is not commonly associated with outbreaks, its presence in clinical specimens warrants attention due to its potential for infections and antimicrobial resistance.

Habitat and Ecological Niches

Source: gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18

Enterococcus ratti is a species of bacteria commonly found in the gastrointestinal tract of mammals, particularly in rodents. This organism thrives in a variety of environments, primarily associated with the intestinal microbiome of its hosts. Its presence is significant in maintaining the balance of gut flora, contributing to the overall health of the host by aiding in digestion and nutrient absorption. In terms of ecological niches, Enterococcus ratti plays a crucial role in the breakdown of complex carbohydrates, which helps in the fermentation process within the gut. This fermentation not only produces short-chain fatty acids that are beneficial for the host but also supports the growth of other beneficial microorganisms, showcasing a form of symbiotic relationship. Furthermore, Enterococcus ratti is known to exhibit environmental adaptability, allowing it to survive in varying conditions within the gut, such as changes in pH and the presence of bile salts. This adaptability is essential for its persistence in the microbial community of the gastrointestinal tract. Overall, Enterococcus ratti is an important member of the gut microbiota, contributing to the health of its host and playing a significant role in the ecosystem of the intestinal environment.

Industrial Application

Source: gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18

The microorganism Enterococcus ratti has shown potential in various industrial applications, particularly in the fields of biotechnology, waste management, and pharmaceutical development. This organism is known for its ability to thrive in diverse environments, which makes it a candidate for several processes. In biotechnology, Enterococcus ratti can be utilized in fermentation processes to produce lactic acid, a valuable compound used in food preservation and as a precursor for biodegradable plastics. The organism's ability to ferment sugars efficiently contributes to the production of this organic acid, which is essential in various industrial applications. In the realm of waste management, Enterococcus ratti has been studied for its role in biodegradation of organic waste. Its enzymatic activity allows it to break down complex organic materials, making it useful in composting and the treatment of wastewater. This capability not only helps in reducing waste but also in recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem. Furthermore, in pharmaceutical development, Enterococcus ratti is of interest due to its potential as a probiotic. Research has indicated that it may contribute to gut health and could be used in the formulation of dietary supplements. Its ability to survive in the gastrointestinal tract makes it a candidate for further studies in the development of functional foods. Overall, Enterococcus ratti demonstrates significant promise across multiple industries, particularly in processes such as fermentation, biodegradation, and enzyme production, highlighting its versatility and importance in industrial microbiology.

Phenotypes and Predictions

The table shows the phenotypes and predictions. Cell colors indicate the class of the value. When literature-based data is available, a checkmark (✓) indicates a correct prediction, while an ✗ indicates an incorrect prediction.

Literature-based phenotypes: 9

LLM predicted phenotypes: 4

Phenotype	High-quality annotation	google/gemini-flash-1.5	anthropic/claude-3.5-sonnet	google/gemini-pro	meta-llama/llama-3-70b-instruct:nitro	mistralai/mistral-7b-instruct	openai/gpt-3.5-turbo-0125	openai/gpt-3.5-turbo-0125	meta-llama/llama-3-8b-instruct:nitro	mistralai/mixtral-8x7b-instruct:nitro	openai/gpt-4	openai/gpt-4	google/gemini-pro-1.5	google/gemini-pro-1.5	google/gemma-7b-it	google/palm-2-chat-bison-32k	perplexity/llama-3-sonar-small-32k-chat	openchat/openchat-7b	microsoft/wizardlm-2-8x22b	microsoft/wizardlm-2-8x22b	openai/gpt-4o	openai/gpt-4o	anthropic/claude-3-haiku:beta	anthropic/claude-3-haiku:beta	microsoft/phi-3-mini-128k-instruct	microsoft/phi-3-mini-128k-instruct
Motility	FALSE	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	false ✓	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓
Gram staining	gram stain positive	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain negative ✗	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain negative ✗	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain negative ✗
Aerophilicity	aerobic	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	aerotolerant ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	aerotolerant ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Extreme environment tolerance	TRUE	true ✓	false ✗	false ✗	false ✗	true ✓	false ✗	false ✗	false ✗	false ✗	false ✗	false ✗	false ✗	false ✗	true ✓	false ✗	false ✗	false ✗	true ✓	true ✓	false ✗	false ✗	true ✓	true ✓	false ✗	false ✗
Biofilm formation	N/A	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true
Animal pathogenicity	TRUE	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	false ✗	false ✗	false ✗	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	false ✗	false ✗
Biosafety level	biosafety level 2	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✗	biosafety level 1 ✗
Health association	N/A	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true
Host association	TRUE	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	false ✗	false ✗	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	false ✗	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	false ✗	false ✗
Plant pathogenicity	FALSE	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓
Spore formation	FALSE	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓
Hemolysis	N/A	gamma	gamma	N/A	N/A	N/A	gamma	gamma	N/A	N/A	gamma	gamma	gamma	gamma	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	alpha	alpha	gamma	gamma	alpha	alpha	N/A	N/A
Cell shape	N/A	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	bacillus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus

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