Photobacterium galatheae

General Information

Photobacterium galatheae is a fascinating marine bacterium that has garnered attention for its unique and valuable characteristics. This microorganism was first isolated from deep-sea environments, specifically from the Galathea 3 expedition, which explored the depths of the world's oceans. One of the most intriguing aspects of P. galatheae is its ability to produce bioluminescence, a trait that is not only visually captivating but also holds significant potential for scientific research and biotechnological applications. The bioluminescence of Photobacterium galatheae is due to the presence of the lux operon, a set of genes responsible for the production of light. This natural glow can be harnessed for various purposes, such as developing biosensors for detecting environmental pollutants or monitoring the presence of specific chemicals. Additionally, the study of bioluminescence in P. galatheae can provide insights into the evolutionary mechanisms and ecological roles of light production in marine organisms. Another noteworthy feature of P. galatheae is its adaptation to extreme deep-sea conditions. The bacterium thrives in high-pressure, low-temperature environments, making it an excellent model organism for studying extremophiles and their survival strategies. Understanding how P. galatheae copes with such harsh conditions can inform research on microbial life in other extreme environments, including those on other planets or moons. Furthermore, Photobacterium galatheae has shown potential in the field of natural product discovery. Marine bacteria are known to produce a wide array of bioactive compounds, and P. galatheae is no exception. Researchers are exploring its metabolic pathways to identify novel compounds that could lead to the development of new antibiotics, antifungals, or other therapeutic agents. In summary, Photobacterium galatheae is a marine bacterium with remarkable bioluminescent properties, adaptations to extreme environments, and potential for natural product discovery. Its study not only enhances our understanding of marine microbiology but also opens up new avenues for biotechnological innovation and environmental monitoring.

Photobacterium galatheae is a fascinating marine bacterium that belongs to the family Vibrionaceae. This organism is particularly notable for its bioluminescent properties, which are a result of the presence of luciferase enzymes that facilitate light production. This bioluminescence is not only a captivating feature but also serves ecological functions, such as attracting prey or deterring predators in its natural marine environment. One of the unique aspects of P. galatheae is its ability to thrive in deep-sea habitats, where it plays a crucial role in the marine ecosystem. Its adaptation to high-pressure environments and low temperatures makes it an interesting subject for studies on extremophiles and the biochemical pathways that enable survival under such conditions. Moreover, P. galatheae has been studied for its potential applications in biotechnology, particularly in the fields of bioluminescent imaging and biosensors. The luciferase from this species can be utilized in various assays and detection systems, providing valuable tools for researchers in molecular biology and environmental monitoring. In summary, Photobacterium galatheae stands out due to its bioluminescent capabilities, adaptation to extreme marine environments, and potential biotechnological applications, making it a significant organism for both ecological and research perspectives.

Taxonomy

Superkingdom: Bacteria

Phylum: Pseudomonadota

Class: Gammaproteobacteria

Order: Vibrionales

Family: Vibrionaceae

Genus: Photobacterium

Species: Photobacterium galatheae

NCBI ID

1654360

Genome Info

FTP Path:
ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genomes/all/GCA/023/653/475/GCA_023653475.1_ASM2365347v1

File for sequence-based predictions:
GCA_023653475.1_ASM2365347v1_genomic.fasta

Descriptions

Clinical Implications and Relevance

Source: gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18

The microorganism Photobacterium galatheae is a Gram-negative, bioluminescent bacterium primarily associated with marine environments. Its clinical relevance has been increasingly recognized due to its potential role in infections and its interactions with human health. While P. galatheae is not commonly associated with human disease, it has been implicated in rare cases of wound infections and sepsis, particularly in individuals with compromised immune systems or underlying health conditions. Pathogenicity is thought to be linked to its ability to produce virulence factors that can evade the host's immune response, although specific mechanisms remain under investigation. In terms of antimicrobial resistance, there is limited data available, but like many marine bacteria, P. galatheae may possess resistance genes that could complicate treatment options in clinical settings. This highlights the importance of monitoring such organisms, especially in patients with marine-related injuries or those exposed to aquatic environments. Interestingly, P. galatheae has also been studied for its potential medical applications, particularly in the field of biotechnology. Its bioluminescent properties have been explored for use in biosensors and as a tool for studying microbial ecology. However, further research is needed to fully understand its implications in human health and disease. Overall, while P. galatheae is not a major pathogen, its presence in clinical contexts warrants attention due to its potential to cause infections and its unique biological characteristics.

Habitat and Ecological Niches

Source: gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18

Photobacterium galatheae is a marine bacterium primarily associated with deep-sea environments and oceanic ecosystems. This microorganism thrives in the mesopelagic zone, where it plays a crucial role in the nutrient cycling of these habitats. It is often found in association with marine organisms, particularly in the guts of fish and other marine animals, indicating its role in symbiotic relationships that aid in digestion and nutrient absorption. In these oceanic biomes, Photobacterium galatheae contributes to the breakdown of organic matter, thus facilitating the recycling of nutrients back into the ecosystem. Its ability to produce bioluminescence is particularly notable, as it can attract prey and deter predators, showcasing its adaptation to the dark environments of the deep sea. Furthermore, this bacterium is involved in interactions with other microbial communities, forming part of the complex food web that sustains marine life. Its presence is indicative of the health of the marine ecosystem, as it responds to changes in environmental conditions, such as temperature and salinity, making it a valuable organism for studying the impacts of climate change on marine biomes.

Industrial Application

Source: gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18

The microorganism Photobacterium galatheae has shown significant potential in various industrial applications. One of the most notable areas is in biotechnology, where Photobacterium galatheae is utilized for its ability to produce bioluminescent compounds. This property is particularly valuable in the development of bioluminescent assays for environmental monitoring and biomedical research, allowing for the detection of specific substances through light emission. In the realm of waste management, Photobacterium galatheae has been studied for its role in biodegradation processes. It can effectively break down organic pollutants in marine environments, contributing to the detoxification of contaminated waters. This capability is crucial for maintaining ecological balance and promoting the health of aquatic ecosystems. Furthermore, the organism is being explored for its potential in biofuel production. Through fermentation processes, Photobacterium galatheae can convert organic substrates into biofuels, offering a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels. This application is particularly relevant in the context of renewable energy sources and reducing carbon footprints. In pharmaceutical development, the enzymatic activities of Photobacterium galatheae are of interest for the production of bioactive compounds. These compounds can serve as precursors for drug synthesis or as therapeutic agents themselves, showcasing the organism's versatility in the pharmaceutical industry. Overall, Photobacterium galatheae demonstrates a wide range of applications across multiple industries, highlighting its importance in advancing sustainable practices and innovative technologies.

Phenotypes and Predictions

The table shows the phenotypes and predictions. Cell colors indicate the class of the value. When literature-based data is available, a checkmark (✓) indicates a correct prediction, while an ✗ indicates an incorrect prediction.

Literature-based phenotypes: 9

LLM predicted phenotypes: 4

Phenotype	High-quality annotation	google/gemini-pro	mistralai/mistral-7b-instruct	google/gemini-flash-1.5	openai/gpt-4	openai/gpt-4	google/gemini-pro-1.5	anthropic/claude-3.5-sonnet	google/gemma-7b-it	meta-llama/llama-3-70b-instruct:nitro	google/palm-2-chat-bison-32k	meta-llama/llama-3-8b-instruct:nitro	perplexity/llama-3-sonar-small-32k-chat	openchat/openchat-7b	microsoft/phi-3-mini-128k-instruct	openai/gpt-3.5-turbo-0125	openai/gpt-3.5-turbo-0125	mistralai/mixtral-8x7b-instruct:nitro	mistralai/mixtral-8x7b-instruct:nitro	openai/gpt-4o	openai/gpt-4o	anthropic/claude-3-haiku:beta	anthropic/claude-3-haiku:beta	microsoft/wizardlm-2-8x22b	microsoft/wizardlm-2-8x22b
Motility	TRUE	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	false ✗	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓
Gram staining	gram stain negative	gram stain negative ✓	gram stain negative ✓	gram stain negative ✓	N/A	gram stain negative ✓	gram stain negative ✓	gram stain negative ✓	gram stain negative ✓	gram stain negative ✓	gram stain negative ✓	gram stain negative ✓	gram stain negative ✓	gram stain negative ✓	gram stain negative ✓	N/A	gram stain negative ✓	N/A	gram stain negative ✓	N/A	gram stain negative ✓	N/A	gram stain negative ✓	N/A	gram stain negative ✓
Aerophilicity	aerobic	N/A	aerobic ✓	N/A	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	aerobic ✓	aerobic ✓	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Extreme environment tolerance	FALSE	false ✓	false ✓	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓	true ✗	false ✓	true ✗	true ✗	false ✓	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓
Biofilm formation	N/A	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true
Animal pathogenicity	TRUE	true ✓	true ✓	false ✗	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	false ✗	false ✗	false ✗	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	false ✗	false ✗	false ✗	false ✗	false ✗	false ✗	false ✗	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓
Biosafety level	biosafety level 1	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗
Health association	N/A	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	false	true	true	true	true	true	false	false	false	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true
Host association	N/A	true	true	false	true	true	true	false	false	false	true	true	true	true	false	false	false	true	true	false	false	true	true	true	true
Plant pathogenicity	FALSE	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓
Spore formation	FALSE	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓
Hemolysis	N/A	gamma	N/A	gamma	beta	beta	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	beta	beta	N/A	N/A
Cell shape	bacillus	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	coccus ✗	coccus ✗	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓

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