Streptomyces atratus

General Information

Streptomyces atratus is a fascinating microorganism belonging to the genus Streptomyces, which is renowned for its prolific production of secondary metabolites. One of the most notable characteristics of S. atratus is its ability to produce a wide array of bioactive compounds, including antibiotics, antifungals, and antitumor agents. This makes it an invaluable resource in the field of natural product discovery and pharmaceutical research. Streptomyces species are well-known for their complex life cycle and filamentous growth, which is reminiscent of fungal mycelium. This unique growth pattern allows them to thrive in soil environments, where they play a crucial role in decomposing organic matter and recycling nutrients. The production of geosmin by S. atratus contributes to the characteristic earthy smell of soil, highlighting its ecological importance. From a genetic perspective, S. atratus possesses a large and complex genome, which encodes numerous biosynthetic gene clusters. These clusters are responsible for the synthesis of its diverse secondary metabolites. The genetic tractability of Streptomyces species, including S. atratus, makes them excellent model organisms for studying gene regulation, metabolic pathways, and the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance. In summary, Streptomyces atratus is a microorganism of significant interest due to its ability to produce a variety of bioactive compounds, its ecological role in soil environments, and its utility in genetic and biochemical research. Its contributions to natural product discovery and its potential applications in medicine and agriculture underscore its value in scientific research and biotechnology.**

Streptomyces atratus is a fascinating actinobacterium known for its remarkable ability to produce a diverse array of bioactive compounds, including antibiotics and antifungal agents. This species is part of the larger genus Streptomyces, which is renowned for its role in natural product biosynthesis. One of the most interesting aspects of S. atratus is its capacity to synthesize unique secondary metabolites that have potential applications in pharmaceuticals and agriculture. Notably, S. atratus has been studied for its production of the antibiotic actinomycin D, which is significant in cancer treatment. The ability to produce such compounds makes S. atratus a valuable organism in the field of drug discovery and development. Researchers are particularly interested in the genetic and biochemical pathways that lead to the synthesis of these metabolites, as understanding these processes can lead to the discovery of new drugs. Additionally, S. atratus exhibits a unique ecological niche, often found in soil and decaying organic matter, contributing to nutrient cycling and soil health. Its role in the environment as a decomposer and its interactions with other microorganisms make it a subject of interest in ecological studies. Furthermore, the genetic manipulation of S. atratus has opened avenues for enhancing the production of desired compounds, making it a model organism for biotechnological applications. The study of this species not only enriches our understanding of microbial diversity but also highlights the potential of actinobacteria in addressing global health challenges through the development of new antimicrobial agents.

Taxonomy

Superkingdom: Bacteria

Phylum: Actinomycetota

Class: Actinomycetes

Order: Kitasatosporales

Family: Streptomycetaceae

Genus: Streptomyces

Species: Streptomyces atratus

NCBI ID

1893

Genome Info

FTP Path:
ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genomes/all/GCF/003/330/865/GCF_003330865.1_ASM333086v1

File for sequence-based predictions:
GCF_003330865.1_ASM333086v1_genomic.fasta

Descriptions

Clinical Implications and Relevance

Source: gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18

The organism Streptomyces atratus is a member of the genus Streptomyces, which is known for its significant role in the production of antibiotics and other bioactive compounds. While S. atratus itself is not commonly associated with human infections, its relatives are well-documented for their antimicrobial properties. This organism contributes to the natural microbiome and has potential applications in biotechnology and pharmaceuticals. In terms of pathogenicity, S. atratus is generally considered non-pathogenic; however, its close relatives can produce opportunistic infections, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. The genus is known for its ability to evade the immune response through various mechanisms, including the production of enzymes that degrade host immune factors. Moreover, the antimicrobial resistance observed in some Streptomyces species raises concerns about the effectiveness of certain antibiotics, as they can harbor resistance genes that may be transferred to pathogenic bacteria. This highlights the importance of monitoring resistance patterns in environmental and clinical isolates. In the context of medical applications, S. atratus and its relatives are being explored for their potential as probiotics and in the development of vaccines due to their ability to produce immunomodulatory compounds. Their role in the environment as decomposers also contributes to soil health and nutrient cycling, indirectly supporting human health through ecosystem services. Overall, while Streptomyces atratus may not be directly linked to specific diseases, its contributions to antibiotic production and potential applications in medicine underscore its relevance in the field of microbiology and public health.

Habitat and Ecological Niches

Source: gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18

Streptomyces atratus is a species of actinobacteria commonly found in various terrestrial environments, particularly in soil and decaying organic matter. This microorganism thrives in nutrient-rich substrates, where it plays a crucial role in the decomposition process, contributing to nutrient cycling within the ecosystem. Its ability to degrade complex organic compounds makes it an essential player in the soil microbiome, promoting soil health and fertility. In addition to its role in decomposition, Streptomyces atratus is known for its production of bioactive compounds, including antibiotics. This characteristic allows it to compete effectively with other microorganisms in its habitat, showcasing its importance in microbial interactions and antibiotic production. Furthermore, Streptomyces atratus often engages in symbiotic relationships with plants, aiding in plant growth by enhancing nutrient availability. This interaction highlights its significance in agricultural ecosystems, where it can improve crop yields and soil quality. Overall, Streptomyces atratus is a vital component of its biomes, contributing to biodiversity, nutrient cycling, and plant health, making it an important organism in both natural and managed ecosystems.

Industrial Application

Source: gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18

The microorganism Streptomyces atratus is known for its significant contributions to various industrial applications. One of the most notable areas is in biotechnology, where Streptomyces atratus is utilized for its ability to produce a wide range of bioactive compounds, including antibiotics and enzymes. This organism is particularly valuable in the fermentation process, where it can be harnessed to synthesize important pharmaceuticals, such as antitumor agents and antimicrobial substances, which are crucial in the development of new medications. In the realm of waste management, Streptomyces atratus has demonstrated potential in biodegradation processes. It can effectively break down complex organic materials, making it useful in the treatment of contaminated soils and wastewater. This capability not only helps in reducing environmental pollutants but also contributes to the recycling of nutrients back into the ecosystem. Furthermore, Streptomyces atratus plays a role in biofuel production. Its enzymatic activity is leveraged in the breakdown of lignocellulosic biomass, facilitating the conversion of agricultural waste into fermentable sugars, which can then be transformed into biofuels. This process is essential for developing sustainable energy sources and reducing reliance on fossil fuels. Overall, the diverse applications of Streptomyces atratus in pharmaceutical development, biotechnology, waste management, and biofuel production highlight its importance as a versatile microorganism in various industrial sectors.

Phenotypes and Predictions

The table shows the phenotypes and predictions. Cell colors indicate the class of the value. When literature-based data is available, a checkmark (✓) indicates a correct prediction, while an ✗ indicates an incorrect prediction.

Literature-based phenotypes: 10

LLM predicted phenotypes: 3

Phenotype	High-quality annotation	google/gemini-pro	google/gemini-flash-1.5	google/gemini-flash-1.5	meta-llama/llama-3-8b-instruct:nitro	google/gemini-pro-1.5	anthropic/claude-3.5-sonnet	google/gemma-7b-it	mistralai/mistral-7b-instruct	perplexity/llama-3-sonar-small-32k-chat	anthropic/claude-3-haiku:beta	meta-llama/llama-3-70b-instruct:nitro	meta-llama/llama-3-70b-instruct:nitro	openai/gpt-3.5-turbo-0125	openai/gpt-3.5-turbo-0125	google/palm-2-chat-bison-32k	google/palm-2-chat-bison-32k	openai/gpt-4	openai/gpt-4	microsoft/wizardlm-2-8x22b	microsoft/wizardlm-2-8x22b	openai/gpt-4o	openai/gpt-4o	mistralai/mixtral-8x7b-instruct:nitro	mistralai/mixtral-8x7b-instruct:nitro	openchat/openchat-7b	openchat/openchat-7b	microsoft/phi-3-mini-128k-instruct	microsoft/phi-3-mini-128k-instruct
Motility	FALSE	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓
Gram staining	gram stain positive	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain negative ✗	gram stain variable ✗	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓
Aerophilicity	aerobic	aerobic ✓	aerobic ✓	aerobic ✓	aerotolerant ✗	aerobic ✓	aerobic ✓	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	aerobic ✓	aerobic ✓	aerobic ✓	aerobic ✓	aerobic ✓	aerobic ✓	aerobic ✓	aerobic ✓	aerobic ✓	aerobic ✓	aerobic ✓	aerobic ✓	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Extreme environment tolerance	FALSE	false ✓	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓	true ✗	true ✗
Biofilm formation	N/A	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	false	false	true	true
Animal pathogenicity	FALSE	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	true ✗	false ✓	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓
Biosafety level	biosafety level 1	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 3 ✗	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗
Health association	N/A	true	false	false	false	true	true	true	false	true	true	false	false	false	false	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	false	false	false	false
Host association	FALSE	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	true ✗	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓
Plant pathogenicity	FALSE	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓
Spore formation	FALSE	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗
Hemolysis	N/A	N/A	gamma	gamma	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Cell shape	tail	bacillus ✗	bacillus ✗	bacillus ✗	bacillus ✗	bacillus ✗	bacillus ✗	bacillus ✗	bacillus ✗	bacillus ✗	bacillus ✗	bacillus ✗	bacillus ✗	bacillus ✗	bacillus ✗	bacillus ✗	bacillus ✗	bacillus ✗	bacillus ✗	bacillus ✗	bacillus ✗	bacillus ✗	bacillus ✗	bacillus ✗	bacillus ✗	bacillus ✗	bacillus ✗	bacillus ✗	bacillus ✗

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