Enterococcus canis

General Information

Enterococcus canis is a species of bacteria within the genus Enterococcus. This microorganism is particularly interesting due to its association with canine hosts. It has been isolated from various sites in dogs, including the gastrointestinal tract, which suggests a role in the normal microbiota of these animals. One of the unique aspects of E. canis is its potential involvement in zoonotic infections, meaning it can be transmitted from animals to humans. This makes it a subject of interest in veterinary and medical microbiology, as understanding its behavior and pathogenic potential can help in managing infections in both dogs and humans. From a research perspective, E. canis is valuable for studying antibiotic resistance mechanisms. Like other enterococci, it has shown resistance to multiple antibiotics, which poses a challenge in clinical settings. Investigating the genetic basis of this resistance can provide insights into how these mechanisms evolve and spread, which is crucial for developing new therapeutic strategies. Additionally, E. canis can be used as a model organism to study host-microbe interactions in the canine gut. This can lead to a better understanding of the microbiome's role in health and disease, not only in dogs but potentially in other mammals as well. Overall, Enterococcus canis stands out due to its host specificity, potential for zoonotic transmission, and relevance in antibiotic resistance research, making it a significant organism in both veterinary and medical fields.

Enterococcus canis is a species of lactic acid bacteria that has garnered attention due to its unique ecological niche and potential implications in both veterinary and human health. This organism is primarily isolated from the feces of dogs, which highlights its role in the gut microbiota of canines. Its presence in the canine gut suggests a symbiotic relationship, contributing to the digestion of complex carbohydrates and the overall health of the host. One of the most interesting aspects of E. canis is its ability to survive in various environmental conditions, which may include resistance to certain antibiotics. This characteristic raises important questions regarding the transfer of antibiotic resistance genes between different species of Enterococcus and their potential impact on public health. Research into E. canis can provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of resistance and the dynamics of microbial communities in the gut. Furthermore, Enterococcus canis has been studied for its potential probiotic properties. Some strains may exhibit beneficial effects, such as enhancing gut health and modulating the immune response. This opens avenues for exploring its use in developing probiotic supplements for pets, which could improve their health and well-being. In summary, Enterococcus canis stands out due to its ecological significance in canine microbiota, its potential role in antibiotic resistance, and its promising applications in veterinary probiotics, making it a valuable subject for further research in microbiology and veterinary science.

Taxonomy

Superkingdom: Bacteria

Phylum: Bacillota

Class: Bacilli

Order: Lactobacillales

Family: Enterococcaceae

Genus: Enterococcus

Species: Enterococcus canis

NCBI ID

214095

Genome Info

FTP Path:
ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genomes/all/GCF/001/885/805/GCF_001885805.1_ASM188580v1

File for sequence-based predictions:
GCF_001885805.1_ASM188580v1_genomic.fasta

Descriptions

Clinical Implications and Relevance

Source: gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18

The organism Enterococcus canis is a member of the Enterococcus genus, which is known for its role in human health and disease. While traditionally considered a commensal organism found in the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals, E. canis has been increasingly recognized for its pathogenic potential. It has been associated with various infections, particularly in immunocompromised patients, including urinary tract infections, bacteremia, and endocarditis. The organism's ability to form biofilms contributes to its pathogenicity, making it a significant concern in clinical settings. One of the notable clinical implications of E. canis is its antimicrobial resistance. This organism has shown resistance to multiple classes of antibiotics, including vancomycin, which poses a challenge for treatment options. The presence of resistance genes can complicate the management of infections caused by this organism, leading to increased morbidity and healthcare costs. In terms of immune evasion, E. canis can produce factors that inhibit phagocytosis and modulate the host immune response, allowing it to persist in the host despite an active immune system. This ability to evade the immune response is a critical factor in its pathogenicity. While E. canis is not commonly associated with large outbreaks, its emergence as a pathogen in clinical settings highlights the need for ongoing surveillance and research. Understanding the clinical relevance of E. canis is essential for developing effective treatment strategies and managing infections caused by this organism.

Industrial Application

Source: gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18

The microorganism Enterococcus canis has shown potential in various industrial applications, particularly in the fields of biotechnology, waste management, and pharmaceutical development. In biotechnology, Enterococcus canis is recognized for its ability to participate in fermentation processes, which can be harnessed for the production of various metabolites. This includes the synthesis of lactic acid, a valuable compound used in food preservation and as a precursor for biodegradable plastics. In the realm of waste management, Enterococcus canis has demonstrated capabilities in biodegradation, particularly in the breakdown of organic waste materials. Its enzymatic activity can facilitate the decomposition of complex organic compounds, making it a candidate for use in composting and other waste treatment processes. Furthermore, in pharmaceutical development, Enterococcus canis has been studied for its potential role in the production of antimicrobial compounds. Its natural resistance to certain antibiotics may provide insights into developing new therapeutic agents or enhancing existing ones. Overall, the versatility of Enterococcus canis in these applications highlights its significance in advancing sustainable practices and innovative solutions across multiple industries.

Phenotypes and Predictions

The table shows the phenotypes and predictions. Cell colors indicate the class of the value. When literature-based data is available, a checkmark (✓) indicates a correct prediction, while an ✗ indicates an incorrect prediction.

Literature-based phenotypes: 9

LLM predicted phenotypes: 4

Phenotype	High-quality annotation	google/gemini-pro-1.5	anthropic/claude-3.5-sonnet	openai/gpt-3.5-turbo-0125	openai/gpt-3.5-turbo-0125	meta-llama/llama-3-8b-instruct:nitro	openai/gpt-4	openai/gpt-4	google/gemini-flash-1.5	google/gemini-flash-1.5	anthropic/claude-3-haiku:beta	meta-llama/llama-3-70b-instruct:nitro	meta-llama/llama-3-70b-instruct:nitro	mistralai/mixtral-8x7b-instruct:nitro	google/gemma-7b-it	openchat/openchat-7b	openai/gpt-4o	openai/gpt-4o	perplexity/llama-3-sonar-small-32k-chat	perplexity/llama-3-sonar-small-32k-chat	microsoft/phi-3-mini-128k-instruct	microsoft/phi-3-mini-128k-instruct	mistralai/mistral-7b-instruct	mistralai/mistral-7b-instruct	google/palm-2-chat-bison-32k	google/palm-2-chat-bison-32k	microsoft/wizardlm-2-8x22b	microsoft/wizardlm-2-8x22b	google/gemini-pro	google/gemini-pro
Motility	FALSE	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	true ✗	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓
Gram staining	gram stain positive	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain variable ✗	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓
Aerophilicity	aerobic	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	N/A	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	N/A	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	aerotolerant ✗	aerotolerant ✗	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Extreme environment tolerance	TRUE	false ✗	false ✗	false ✗	false ✗	false ✗	false ✗	false ✗	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	false ✗	false ✗	false ✗	true ✓	false ✗	false ✗	false ✗	false ✗	false ✗	false ✗	false ✗	true ✓	true ✓	false ✗	false ✗	true ✓	true ✓	false ✗	false ✗
Biofilm formation	N/A	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	false	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true
Animal pathogenicity	TRUE	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓
Biosafety level	biosafety level 2	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✗	biosafety level 1 ✗	biosafety level 1 ✗	biosafety level 1 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓
Health association	N/A	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true
Host association	TRUE	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	false ✗	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓
Plant pathogenicity	FALSE	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓
Spore formation	FALSE	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓
Hemolysis	N/A	gamma	gamma	gamma	gamma	gamma	gamma	gamma	gamma	gamma	alpha	gamma	gamma	N/A	N/A	N/A	gamma	gamma	beta	beta	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Cell shape	N/A	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	bacillus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus

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