Staphylococcus lugdunensis

General Information

Staphylococcus lugdunensis is a coagulase-negative staphylococcus (CoNS) that has garnered significant attention due to its unique clinical and microbiological characteristics. Unlike many other CoNS, S. lugdunensis is often associated with severe infections that resemble those caused by Staphylococcus aureus, including skin and soft tissue infections, endocarditis, and osteomyelitis. This makes it a particularly important pathogen in clinical settings. One of the most intriguing aspects of S. lugdunensis is its ability to produce a novel antibiotic compound called lugdunin. Lugdunin has shown potent activity against a range of Gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), which positions S. lugdunensis as a potential source for new antimicrobial agents in the fight against antibiotic-resistant bacteria. From a genetic perspective, S. lugdunensis possesses several virulence factors that contribute to its pathogenicity. These include adhesins, which facilitate attachment to host tissues, and enzymes that degrade host tissues and evade the immune response. The presence of these virulence factors underscores the organism's ability to cause serious infections. In addition to its clinical significance, S. lugdunensis is also of interest in the study of microbial ecology and evolution. Its ability to colonize both human skin and mucosal surfaces, as well as its interactions with other microbial species, provides valuable insights into the dynamics of microbial communities and the factors that drive pathogenicity. Overall, Staphylococcus lugdunensis stands out as a clinically important and scientifically intriguing organism due to its pathogenic potential, unique antibiotic production, and the wealth of information it offers for understanding microbial interactions and evolution.

Staphylococcus lugdunensis is a coagulase-negative staphylococcus that has garnered significant attention in the field of microbiology due to its unique pathogenic potential and its role in human infections. This organism is particularly interesting because it is often misidentified as Staphylococcus aureus, which can lead to underdiagnosis of infections caused by S. lugdunensis. One of the most notable characteristics of S. lugdunensis is its ability to cause a variety of infections, including skin and soft tissue infections, endocarditis, and prosthetic device infections. Its virulence factors, such as the production of bioactive compounds and the ability to adhere to surfaces, contribute to its pathogenicity. This makes it a significant organism in clinical settings, especially in patients with compromised immune systems or those with implanted medical devices. From a research perspective, S. lugdunensis is valuable for studying the mechanisms of bacterial pathogenesis and antibiotic resistance. It has been shown to possess a unique resistance profile, which can provide insights into the development of new therapeutic strategies. Furthermore, its genetic diversity and evolutionary adaptations make it an interesting subject for studies on microbial evolution and ecology. In addition to its clinical relevance, S. lugdunensis is also noteworthy for its role in the human microbiome. It is part of the normal flora of the skin and mucous membranes, which raises questions about its transition from a commensal organism to a pathogen. Understanding this transition can shed light on the factors that influence bacterial virulence and host interactions. Overall, Staphylococcus lugdunensis stands out as a significant organism in both clinical microbiology and research, offering insights into bacterial behavior, infection mechanisms, and the complexities of the human microbiome.

Taxonomy

Superkingdom: Bacteria

Phylum: Bacillota

Class: Bacilli

Order: Bacillales

Family: Staphylococcaceae

Genus: Staphylococcus

Species: Staphylococcus lugdunensis

NCBI ID

28035

Genome Info

FTP Path:
ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genomes/all/GCF/001/558/775/GCF_001558775.1_ASM155877v1

File for sequence-based predictions:
GCF_001558775.1_ASM155877v1_genomic.fasta

Descriptions

Clinical Implications and Relevance

Source: gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18

The organism Staphylococcus lugdunensis is a coagulase-negative staphylococcus that has gained attention due to its clinical significance in human health. It is primarily known for its role as a pathogen, particularly in skin and soft tissue infections, endocarditis, and osteomyelitis. Unlike other coagulase-negative staphylococci, S. lugdunensis is often more virulent and can cause serious infections, especially in immunocompromised patients or those with underlying health conditions. One of the notable aspects of S. lugdunensis is its ability to form biofilms, which contributes to its pathogenicity and makes infections difficult to treat. The organism has been implicated in nosocomial infections and is often associated with implanted medical devices, where it can adhere and form biofilms, leading to persistent infections. In terms of antimicrobial resistance, S. lugdunensis has shown varying levels of resistance to commonly used antibiotics, including methicillin. This resistance can complicate treatment options and necessitates careful selection of antimicrobial therapy. The presence of resistance genes, such as those conferring methicillin resistance, has been documented, highlighting the need for ongoing surveillance and susceptibility testing. Interestingly, S. lugdunensis has also been studied for its potential beneficial roles in human health. Some research suggests that it may have probiotic properties, contributing to the maintenance of skin microbiota and potentially offering protective effects against more pathogenic staphylococci. Overall, the clinical implications of Staphylococcus lugdunensis are significant, warranting attention in both clinical and research settings due to its dual role as a pathogen and a potential commensal organism.

Habitat and Ecological Niches

Source: gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18

Staphylococcus lugdunensis is a coagulase-negative staphylococcus commonly found in human skin and mucosal surfaces, particularly in the nasal cavity and skin flora. This microorganism thrives in human-associated environments, where it plays a significant role in maintaining the balance of the microbial community. Its presence is often associated with healthy skin, contributing to the protection against pathogenic bacteria through competitive exclusion and the production of antimicrobial substances. In terms of ecological niches, S. lugdunensis is frequently isolated from wounds, abscesses, and infections in humans, indicating its adaptability to various host-associated environments. It can also be found in hospital settings, where it may act as an opportunistic pathogen, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. Notably, it has been implicated in endocarditis and other serious infections, showcasing its potential pathogenicity under certain conditions. The organism exhibits a unique ability to form biofilms, which enhances its survival in medical devices and contributes to its persistence in clinical settings. This biofilm formation is a critical factor in its role as a pathogen, as it allows S. lugdunensis to resist antibiotic treatment and evade the host immune response. Overall, Staphylococcus lugdunensis exemplifies a dual role in its biomes: as a beneficial member of the skin microbiota and as a potential pathogen in specific contexts, highlighting its importance in both health and disease.

Industrial Application

Source: gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18

The microorganism Staphylococcus lugdunensis has shown potential in various industrial applications, particularly in the fields of biotechnology and pharmaceutical development. This organism is known for its ability to produce antimicrobial compounds, which can be harnessed in the development of new antibiotics. Its enzymatic activity is particularly noteworthy, as it can produce enzymes that may be useful in biodegradation processes, breaking down complex organic materials and contributing to waste management solutions. In the realm of biotechnology, Staphylococcus lugdunensis has been studied for its role in fermentation processes, where it can be utilized to enhance the production of certain metabolites. This can be particularly beneficial in the food industry, where it may contribute to the flavor profile of fermented products. Moreover, its potential in waste management is significant, as it can assist in the breakdown of pollutants and organic waste, making it a candidate for use in bioremediation efforts. The ability of Staphylococcus lugdunensis to thrive in various environments also suggests its adaptability for industrial applications, particularly in the development of sustainable practices in waste treatment and environmental cleanup. Overall, Staphylococcus lugdunensis presents a promising avenue for research and application in biofuel production, pharmaceutical development, and waste management, highlighting its versatility and importance in modern industrial processes.

Phenotypes and Predictions

The table shows the phenotypes and predictions. Cell colors indicate the class of the value. When literature-based data is available, a checkmark (✓) indicates a correct prediction, while an ✗ indicates an incorrect prediction.

Literature-based phenotypes: 9

LLM predicted phenotypes: 4

Phenotype	High-quality annotation	anthropic/claude-3.5-sonnet	google/gemini-flash-1.5	openai/gpt-3.5-turbo-0125	openai/gpt-3.5-turbo-0125	google/palm-2-chat-bison-32k	openai/gpt-4	openai/gpt-4	perplexity/llama-3-sonar-small-32k-chat	mistralai/mixtral-8x7b-instruct:nitro	meta-llama/llama-3-70b-instruct:nitro	openchat/openchat-7b	mistralai/mistral-7b-instruct	openai/gpt-4o	openai/gpt-4o	google/gemini-pro-1.5	google/gemini-pro-1.5	meta-llama/llama-3-8b-instruct:nitro	meta-llama/llama-3-8b-instruct:nitro	anthropic/claude-3-haiku:beta	anthropic/claude-3-haiku:beta	microsoft/wizardlm-2-8x22b	microsoft/wizardlm-2-8x22b	google/gemini-pro	google/gemini-pro	google/gemma-7b-it	google/gemma-7b-it	microsoft/phi-3-mini-128k-instruct	microsoft/phi-3-mini-128k-instruct
Motility	FALSE	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓
Gram staining	gram stain positive	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain negative ✗	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓
Aerophilicity	aerobic	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	N/A	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	N/A	facultatively anaerobic ✗	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Extreme environment tolerance	FALSE	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	true ✗	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	true ✗	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓
Biofilm formation	N/A	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true
Animal pathogenicity	TRUE	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	false ✗	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓
Biosafety level	biosafety level 2	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✓
Health association	N/A	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true
Host association	TRUE	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	false ✗	false ✗	true ✓	true ✓
Plant pathogenicity	FALSE	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓
Spore formation	FALSE	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓
Hemolysis	N/A	beta	beta	gamma	gamma	gamma	beta	beta	beta	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	beta	beta	N/A	N/A	beta	beta	alpha	alpha	beta	beta	gamma	gamma	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Cell shape	N/A	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	coccus	bacillus	bacillus	coccus	coccus

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