Eikenella halliae

General Information

Eikenella halliae is a relatively lesser-known species within the genus Eikenella. This microorganism is particularly interesting due to its unique metabolic capabilities and its potential role in human health. Unlike its more famous relative, Eikenella corrodens, which is known for its association with human infections, Eikenella halliae has been isolated from various environmental sources, suggesting a broader ecological niche. One of the most intriguing aspects of Eikenella halliae is its ability to produce a variety of enzymes that can degrade complex organic compounds. This characteristic makes it a subject of interest for bioremediation research, where microorganisms are used to clean up contaminated environments. The enzymatic profile of Eikenella halliae includes proteases, lipases, and other hydrolytic enzymes, which could be harnessed for industrial applications. Additionally, Eikenella halliae has been studied for its potential role in the human microbiome. While not as commonly associated with disease as Eikenella corrodens, it has been found in the oral cavity and other mucosal surfaces, indicating that it may play a role in maintaining microbial balance. Understanding its interactions with other microbial species and the host could provide insights into the complex dynamics of the human microbiome. In summary, Eikenella halliae stands out due to its metabolic versatility and its potential applications in both environmental and medical fields. Its unique enzymatic capabilities and presence in the human microbiome make it a valuable subject for further research.

Eikenella halliae is a fascinating species within the genus Eikenella, notable for its unique ecological niche and potential implications in human health. This organism is primarily recognized for its role in the human microbiome, particularly in the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract. Its ability to thrive in these environments makes it an important player in maintaining microbial balance and health. One of the most interesting aspects of E. halliae is its metabolic versatility. It is capable of utilizing a variety of substrates, which allows it to adapt to different environments and compete effectively with other microorganisms. This metabolic flexibility is a valuable trait for researchers studying microbial ecology and the dynamics of microbial communities. Furthermore, E. halliae has been implicated in certain clinical conditions, particularly in cases of human infections. Understanding its pathogenic potential and the mechanisms by which it interacts with host tissues can provide insights into the treatment of infections and the development of new therapeutic strategies. In addition to its clinical relevance, Eikenella halliae is of interest in the field of biotechnology. Its enzymatic capabilities may be harnessed for various applications, including bioremediation and the production of bioactive compounds. This potential for biotechnological applications underscores the importance of studying this organism further. Overall, Eikenella halliae represents a unique intersection of microbiology, health, and biotechnology, making it a valuable subject for ongoing research and exploration.

Taxonomy

Superkingdom: Bacteria

Phylum: Pseudomonadota

Class: Betaproteobacteria

Order: Neisseriales

Family: Neisseriaceae

Genus: Eikenella

Species: Eikenella halliae

NCBI ID

1795832

Genome Info

FTP Path:
ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genomes/all/GCF/001/648/475/GCF_001648475.1_ASM164847v1

File for sequence-based predictions:
GCF_001648475.1_ASM164847v1_genomic.fasta

Descriptions

Clinical Implications and Relevance

Source: gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18

The organism Eikenella halliae is a gram-negative facultative anaerobe that has been identified as a member of the normal flora of the human oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract. Its clinical relevance primarily arises from its association with infections in immunocompromised patients and those with poor oral hygiene. Eikenella halliae has been implicated in various types of infections, including endocarditis, periodontitis, and soft tissue infections, particularly following human bites or fistfights. One of the notable aspects of Eikenella halliae is its antimicrobial resistance profile. It exhibits intrinsic resistance to several commonly used antibiotics, including penicillins and cephalosporins, which complicates treatment options. This resistance is attributed to the organism's ability to produce beta-lactamases, enzymes that can inactivate beta-lactam antibiotics. In terms of immune evasion, Eikenella halliae can adhere to host tissues and evade phagocytosis, which allows it to persist in the host and contribute to chronic infections. Its role in polymicrobial infections, particularly in the context of oral and dental diseases, highlights its importance in the overall microbial ecology of the human body. While Eikenella halliae is not commonly associated with large-scale outbreaks, its presence in clinical specimens underscores the need for awareness of this organism in the context of infections related to human bites and dental procedures. Further research into its pathogenic mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets is warranted to better understand its role in human health and disease.

Habitat and Ecological Niches

Source: gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18

Eikenella halliae is a species of bacteria that is primarily associated with the human oral cavity and periodontal pockets. This microorganism thrives in environments that are rich in organic matter and are often anaerobic, making it well-suited for the subgingival biofilm found in the mouth. Its presence is notable in areas where there is a high concentration of bacteria, particularly in the context of dental plaque formation and periodontal disease. In the oral biome, Eikenella halliae plays a critical role in the microbial community, contributing to the complex interactions among various bacterial species. It is known to engage in symbiotic relationships with other oral bacteria, which can influence the overall health of the oral cavity. For instance, it may help in the degradation of organic compounds, thus supporting the growth of other microorganisms that rely on these substrates. Additionally, Eikenella halliae has been observed to exhibit antimicrobial properties, which can affect the dynamics of the microbial community by inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria. This characteristic underscores its potential role in maintaining a balanced oral microbiome, which is essential for preventing diseases such as gingivitis and periodontitis. Overall, the ecological niche of Eikenella halliae is intricately linked to the health of the oral ecosystem, where it contributes to both the stability and functionality of the microbial community.

Industrial Application

Source: gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18

The microorganism Eikenella halliae has shown potential in various industrial applications, particularly in the fields of biotechnology and waste management. This organism is known for its ability to participate in biodegradation, where it can break down complex organic materials, making it useful in the treatment of waste products. For instance, Eikenella halliae can be involved in the degradation of certain pollutants, contributing to the detoxification of contaminated environments. In the realm of biofuel production, Eikenella halliae may play a role in the fermentation processes that convert biomass into biofuels. Its metabolic pathways can be harnessed to enhance the efficiency of fermentation, leading to improved yields of bioethanol or biogas from organic waste. Moreover, the organism's enzymatic activities are of interest in pharmaceutical development. It has the potential to produce specific enzymes that can be utilized in the synthesis of pharmaceutical compounds, thereby streamlining the production processes in the pharmaceutical industry. Overall, Eikenella halliae demonstrates significant promise in these sectors, particularly through its capabilities in biodegradation, fermentation, and enzyme production, making it a valuable asset in sustainable industrial practices.

Phenotypes and Predictions

The table shows the phenotypes and predictions. Cell colors indicate the class of the value. When literature-based data is available, a checkmark (✓) indicates a correct prediction, while an ✗ indicates an incorrect prediction.

Literature-based phenotypes: 8

LLM predicted phenotypes: 5

Phenotype	High-quality annotation	google/gemini-pro	anthropic/claude-3.5-sonnet	anthropic/claude-3-haiku:beta	meta-llama/llama-3-70b-instruct:nitro	mistralai/mistral-7b-instruct	google/gemini-flash-1.5	perplexity/llama-3-sonar-small-32k-chat	google/gemma-7b-it	openai/gpt-3.5-turbo-0125	openai/gpt-3.5-turbo-0125	google/gemini-pro-1.5	google/gemini-pro-1.5	openai/gpt-4	openai/gpt-4	meta-llama/llama-3-8b-instruct:nitro	meta-llama/llama-3-8b-instruct:nitro	openai/gpt-4o	openai/gpt-4o	mistralai/mixtral-8x7b-instruct:nitro	mistralai/mixtral-8x7b-instruct:nitro	microsoft/phi-3-mini-128k-instruct	microsoft/phi-3-mini-128k-instruct	google/palm-2-chat-bison-32k	google/palm-2-chat-bison-32k	openchat/openchat-7b	openchat/openchat-7b	microsoft/wizardlm-2-8x22b	microsoft/wizardlm-2-8x22b
Motility	N/A	true	false	true	false	false	false	true	true	false	false	false	false	false	false	true	true	false	false	false	false	false	false	true	true	false	false	false	false
Gram staining	gram stain negative	gram stain negative ✓	gram stain negative ✓	gram stain negative ✓	gram stain negative ✓	gram stain variable ✗	gram stain negative ✓	gram stain negative ✓	gram stain negative ✓	N/A	gram stain negative ✓	N/A	gram stain negative ✓	N/A	gram stain negative ✓	N/A	gram stain negative ✓	N/A	gram stain negative ✓	N/A	gram stain negative ✓	N/A	gram stain negative ✓	N/A	gram stain negative ✓	N/A	gram stain negative ✓	N/A	gram stain negative ✓
Aerophilicity	anaerobic	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	N/A	facultatively anaerobic ✗	aerotolerant ✗	N/A	N/A	N/A	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	aerobic ✗	aerobic ✗	N/A	N/A	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Extreme environment tolerance	FALSE	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓
Biofilm formation	N/A	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	false	false	true	true
Animal pathogenicity	FALSE	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗	true ✗
Biosafety level	N/A	biosafety level 2	biosafety level 2	biosafety level 2	biosafety level 2	biosafety level 2	biosafety level 2	biosafety level 2	biosafety level 2	biosafety level 2	biosafety level 2	biosafety level 2	biosafety level 2	biosafety level 2	biosafety level 2	biosafety level 2	biosafety level 2	biosafety level 2	biosafety level 2	biosafety level 2	biosafety level 2	biosafety level 2	biosafety level 2	biosafety level 2	biosafety level 2	biosafety level 2	biosafety level 2	biosafety level 2	biosafety level 2
Health association	N/A	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	false	false	true	true	true	true	true	true
Host association	TRUE	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	false ✗	false ✗	false ✗	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓
Plant pathogenicity	FALSE	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓
Spore formation	FALSE	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓
Hemolysis	N/A	gamma	gamma	alpha	N/A	N/A	alpha	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	beta	beta	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Cell shape	bacillus	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	coccus ✗	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	coccus ✗	coccus ✗	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	coccus ✗	coccus ✗	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓

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