Macrococcus carouselicus

General Information

Macrococcus carouselicus is a fascinating microorganism that belongs to the genus Macrococcus. This genus is closely related to Staphylococcus, but Macrococcus species are generally considered to be less pathogenic. One of the most intriguing aspects of Macrococcus carouselicus is its potential role in the environment and its interactions with other microorganisms. Unique Characteristics: Macrococcus carouselicus is notable for its ability to thrive in diverse environments, which makes it an interesting subject for ecological and environmental studies. Its adaptability suggests that it may possess unique metabolic pathways or stress response mechanisms that could be valuable for biotechnological applications. Research Value: From a research perspective, Macrococcus carouselicus is valuable due to its relatively low pathogenicity compared to other related genera. This makes it a safer model organism for studying the basic biology of Gram-positive cocci. Additionally, its genetic makeup could provide insights into the evolution of antibiotic resistance, as members of the Macrococcus genus have been found to carry resistance genes that are similar to those in more pathogenic relatives. Biotechnological Potential: The potential biotechnological applications of Macrococcus carouselicus are also noteworthy. Its enzymes and metabolic products could be harnessed for industrial processes, including the production of bioactive compounds, bioremediation, and the synthesis of novel antibiotics. The organism's resilience and adaptability further enhance its appeal for such applications. In summary, Macrococcus carouselicus is a microorganism of significant interest due to its environmental adaptability, low pathogenicity, and potential for biotechnological exploitation. Its study could lead to important discoveries in microbial ecology, evolutionary biology, and industrial microbiology.

Macrococcus carouselicus is a fascinating species of bacteria that belongs to the family Staphylococcaceae. This organism is particularly interesting due to its unique ecological niche and its association with dairy products, specifically in the context of fermented foods. It has been isolated from the milk of various mammals, which highlights its potential role in the dairy fermentation process. One of the most notable characteristics of M. carouselicus is its ability to produce exopolysaccharides, which can contribute to the texture and mouthfeel of dairy products. This property makes it a valuable candidate for research in food science, particularly in the development of new dairy products with enhanced sensory qualities. Additionally, M. carouselicus has been studied for its antimicrobial properties, which could have implications for food preservation and safety. The ability to inhibit the growth of spoilage organisms and pathogens in dairy products is a significant area of interest, as it could lead to improved shelf life and quality of dairy products. Furthermore, the genetic and metabolic pathways of M. carouselicus are of great interest to researchers exploring microbial diversity and adaptation in various environments. Its presence in dairy ecosystems provides insights into microbial interactions and the dynamics of fermentation processes. Overall, Macrococcus carouselicus stands out as a valuable organism for both food industry applications and microbiological research.

Taxonomy

Superkingdom: Bacteria

Phylum: Bacillota

Class: Bacilli

Order: Bacillales

Family: Staphylococcaceae

Genus: Macrococcus

Species: Macrococcus carouselicus

NCBI ID

69969

Genome Info

FTP Path:
ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genomes/all/GCF/004/359/515/GCF_004359515.1_ASM435951v1

File for sequence-based predictions:
GCF_004359515.1_ASM435951v1_genomic.fasta

Descriptions

Clinical Implications and Relevance

Source: gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18

The microorganism Macrococcus carouselicus is a Gram-positive bacterium that has been primarily associated with livestock, particularly in the context of dairy cattle. While its direct clinical implications in human health are not extensively documented, it is important to consider its potential role in zoonotic infections and antimicrobial resistance mechanisms. Infections caused by Macrococcus carouselicus in animals can lead to significant economic losses in the agricultural sector, and there is a concern regarding its ability to transfer resistance genes to other pathogenic bacteria that affect humans. This organism has been identified in cases of mastitis in cows, which can complicate dairy production and affect milk quality. Furthermore, the presence of Macrococcus carouselicus in the environment raises questions about its role in biofilm formation and its potential to contribute to nosocomial infections in healthcare settings. Although there is limited research on its pathogenicity in humans, the organism's close relation to other staphylococci suggests that it may possess similar immune evasion strategies, such as the production of exoproteins that can interfere with the host's immune response. Overall, while Macrococcus carouselicus is not a well-known pathogen in humans, its implications in animal health and potential for antimicrobial resistance warrant further investigation to understand its full clinical relevance.

Habitat and Ecological Niches

Source: gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18

Macrococcus carouselicus is a bacterium commonly associated with dairy environments, particularly in the production of fermented dairy products. This microorganism thrives in mesophilic conditions, where temperatures range from 20°C to 45°C, making it well-suited for environments such as cheese and yogurt production facilities. Its ability to ferment lactose allows it to play a crucial role in the dairy fermentation process, contributing to the flavor and texture of various products. In addition to its role in fermentation, Macrococcus carouselicus exhibits symbiotic relationships with other microorganisms present in dairy environments. It can interact with lactic acid bacteria, enhancing the overall microbial community's stability and functionality. This interaction is vital for maintaining the quality and safety of dairy products, as it helps suppress the growth of spoilage organisms and pathogens. Furthermore, Macrococcus carouselicus demonstrates remarkable environmental adaptability, allowing it to survive in varying pH levels and salt concentrations typical of dairy processing. Its resilience contributes to its prevalence in fermented dairy niches, where it can outcompete less adaptable species. Overall, Macrococcus carouselicus is an essential player in the dairy biome, influencing both the ecological balance and the quality of fermented dairy products.

Industrial Application

Source: gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18

The microorganism Macrococcus carouselicus has shown potential in various industrial applications primarily due to its unique metabolic capabilities. One of the notable areas is in biotechnology, where M. carouselicus is utilized in fermentation processes to produce valuable metabolites. This organism can be involved in the fermentation of dairy products, contributing to the development of flavors and textures in cheese production. In the realm of waste management, M. carouselicus has demonstrated the ability to degrade organic waste materials, making it a candidate for biodegradation processes. This capability can be harnessed in composting systems or bioreactors designed to treat agricultural or food waste, thereby reducing environmental impact and enhancing nutrient recycling. Furthermore, M. carouselicus has potential applications in biofuel production. Its metabolic pathways can be explored for the conversion of biomass into biofuels through fermentation of sugars derived from plant materials. This process can contribute to sustainable energy solutions by providing an alternative to fossil fuels. In pharmaceutical development, the enzymatic activities of M. carouselicus can be investigated for the production of bioactive compounds. These compounds may have therapeutic properties, making the organism a valuable resource in the search for new drugs or health supplements. Overall, Macrococcus carouselicus presents a versatile profile for various industries, particularly in fermentation, biodegradation, and enzyme production, highlighting its importance in modern biotechnological applications.

Phenotypes and Predictions

The table shows the phenotypes and predictions. Cell colors indicate the class of the value. When literature-based data is available, a checkmark (✓) indicates a correct prediction, while an ✗ indicates an incorrect prediction.

Literature-based phenotypes: 8

LLM predicted phenotypes: 5

Phenotype	High-quality annotation	google/gemini-pro	openai/gpt-3.5-turbo-0125	mistralai/mixtral-8x7b-instruct:nitro	mistralai/mistral-7b-instruct	meta-llama/llama-3-8b-instruct:nitro	anthropic/claude-3-haiku:beta	meta-llama/llama-3-70b-instruct:nitro	openchat/openchat-7b	google/palm-2-chat-bison-32k	google/palm-2-chat-bison-32k	openai/gpt-4	openai/gpt-4	google/gemini-flash-1.5	google/gemini-flash-1.5	microsoft/wizardlm-2-8x22b	microsoft/wizardlm-2-8x22b	openai/gpt-4o	openai/gpt-4o	google/gemini-pro-1.5	google/gemini-pro-1.5	anthropic/claude-3.5-sonnet	anthropic/claude-3.5-sonnet	perplexity/llama-3-sonar-small-32k-chat	perplexity/llama-3-sonar-small-32k-chat	google/gemma-7b-it	google/gemma-7b-it	microsoft/phi-3-mini-128k-instruct	microsoft/phi-3-mini-128k-instruct
Motility	N/A	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	true	true	false	false
Gram staining	gram stain positive	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain positive ✓	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓	N/A	gram stain positive ✓
Aerophilicity	aerobic	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	aerotolerant ✗	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	aerobic ✓	aerobic ✓	N/A	N/A	aerobic ✓	aerobic ✓	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Extreme environment tolerance	FALSE	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	true ✗	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	true ✗	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓
Biofilm formation	N/A	true	true	true	false	true	true	true	false	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	false	false	true	true	true	true	true	true	false	false
Animal pathogenicity	N/A	true	false	false	false	false	false	true	false	false	false	false	false	true	true	true	true	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	true	true	false	false
Biosafety level	biosafety level 1	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 1 ✓
Health association	N/A	true	false	true	true	true	true	true	false	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	false	false
Host association	TRUE	true ✓	false ✗	false ✗	true ✓	true ✓	false ✗	true ✓	false ✗	false ✗	false ✗	false ✗	false ✗	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	false ✗	false ✗	false ✗	false ✗	false ✗	false ✗	true ✓	true ✓	false ✗	false ✗	false ✗	false ✗
Plant pathogenicity	FALSE	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓
Spore formation	FALSE	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓
Hemolysis	N/A	gamma	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	gamma	gamma	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Cell shape	coccus	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	coccus ✓	bacillus ✗	bacillus ✗	coccus ✓	coccus ✓

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