Bartonella chomelii

General Information

Bartonella chomelii is a fascinating microorganism belonging to the genus Bartonella, which is known for its ability to infect a wide range of mammalian hosts, including humans. One of the most intriguing aspects of B. chomelii is its host specificity; it primarily infects ruminants, such as cattle and deer. This specificity makes it a valuable model for studying host-pathogen interactions and zoonotic potential, as it provides insights into how pathogens adapt to different hosts. Another unique characteristic of B. chomelii is its intracellular lifestyle. Like other Bartonella species, it has evolved mechanisms to invade and persist within host cells, particularly endothelial cells and erythrocytes. This intracellular niche allows it to evade the host immune system and establish long-term infections, which can lead to chronic diseases. From a research perspective, B. chomelii is particularly interesting due to its genomic features. The genome of B. chomelii contains several genes that are involved in virulence and host interaction, including those encoding for type IV secretion systems. These systems are crucial for the translocation of effector proteins into host cells, facilitating bacterial survival and replication. Moreover, B. chomelii has been studied for its role in vector-borne transmission. It is typically transmitted by arthropod vectors, such as ticks, which adds another layer of complexity to its epidemiology and control. Understanding the vector-host-pathogen dynamics is essential for developing strategies to prevent and manage infections caused by B. chomelii and related species. In summary, Bartonella chomelii is a microorganism of significant interest due to its host specificity, intracellular lifestyle, unique genomic features, and vector-borne transmission. These characteristics not only make it a valuable subject for scientific research but also highlight its potential impact on animal and human health.

Bartonella chomelii is a fascinating bacterium that belongs to the genus Bartonella, which is known for its association with various animal and human diseases. This particular species was first identified in the late 1990s and is primarily recognized for its role as a pathogen in domestic cats, where it can cause a condition known as cat scratch fever. What makes Bartonella chomelii particularly interesting is its ability to persist in the host's bloodstream, which poses challenges for diagnosis and treatment. The bacterium is also notable for its unique ecological niche, as it is often transmitted through ectoparasites like fleas and ticks, highlighting its role in the complex interactions between hosts and vectors. This transmission route underscores the importance of understanding vector-borne diseases, especially in the context of zoonotic infections that can affect both animals and humans. From a research perspective, Bartonella chomelii serves as a valuable model for studying the mechanisms of bacterial persistence and host-pathogen interactions. Its relatively recent discovery has opened avenues for further investigation into the genetic and biochemical pathways that enable its survival and pathogenicity. Moreover, the potential for Bartonella chomelii to be involved in human infections, although less common, raises important questions about its epidemiology and the need for continued surveillance in both veterinary and public health contexts. Overall, Bartonella chomelii exemplifies the intricate relationships between microorganisms, their hosts, and the environment, making it a significant subject of study in microbiology and infectious disease research.

Taxonomy

Superkingdom: Bacteria

Phylum: Pseudomonadota

Class: Alphaproteobacteria

Order: Hyphomicrobiales

Family: Bartonellaceae

Genus: Bartonella

Species: Bartonella chomelii

NCBI ID

236402

Genome Info

FTP Path:
ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genomes/all/GCA/014/138/465/GCA_014138465.1_ASM1413846v1

File for sequence-based predictions:
GCA_014138465.1_ASM1413846v1_genomic.fasta

Descriptions

Clinical Implications and Relevance

Source: gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18

The bacterium Bartonella chomelii is a member of the genus Bartonella, which is known for its association with various infections in humans and animals. This organism has been primarily linked to cat scratch fever and other zoonotic diseases, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. The clinical implications of B. chomelii include its potential role in causing endocarditis, lymphadenopathy, and other systemic symptoms following exposure to infected animals, particularly cats. One of the significant challenges associated with B. chomelii is its pathogenicity; it can evade the immune response through various mechanisms, including the ability to survive within host cells and modulate host immune signaling pathways. This evasion can lead to chronic infections that are difficult to diagnose and treat. In terms of antimicrobial resistance, there is limited data on the resistance patterns of B. chomelii, but like other members of the Bartonella genus, it may exhibit resistance to common antibiotics, complicating treatment options. Furthermore, B. chomelii has been studied for its potential use in developing vaccines and therapeutics aimed at preventing or treating Bartonella-related diseases. Research into its role in the human microbiome and its interactions with the host immune system continues to be an area of interest, particularly in understanding how it may contribute to disease associations beyond those currently documented. Overall, the clinical relevance of B. chomelii underscores the importance of awareness and research into its pathogenic potential and the need for effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Industrial Application

Source: gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18

The microorganism Bartonella chomelii has garnered attention for its potential applications in various industrial sectors, particularly in biotechnology and pharmaceutical development. This organism is known for its role in the study of vector-borne diseases, which can lead to the development of novel diagnostic tools and treatments. Its association with animal hosts and its pathogenicity provide insights into host-pathogen interactions, which are crucial for vaccine development and therapeutic interventions. In the realm of biotechnology, Bartonella chomelii can be utilized in the development of diagnostic assays that detect specific antibodies or antigens related to Bartonella infections. This is particularly important for improving disease management in veterinary medicine, as it can help in the early detection of infections in pets and livestock. Moreover, the study of Bartonella chomelii contributes to the understanding of microbial ecology and the dynamics of disease transmission, which can inform waste management strategies in environments where these pathogens are prevalent. By understanding how these microorganisms interact with their environment, better methods for controlling their spread can be developed. While Bartonella chomelii is not directly linked to biofuel production or biodegradation processes, its study enhances our understanding of microbial communities that may play a role in these areas. The insights gained from its pathogenic mechanisms can lead to the discovery of new microbial strains that are more effective in biodegradation or in the production of biofuels through fermentation processes. Overall, Bartonella chomelii serves as a significant model organism in the fields of pharmaceutical development and biotechnology, with its applications primarily focused on disease diagnostics and understanding microbial interactions in various ecosystems.

Phenotypes and Predictions

The table shows the phenotypes and predictions. Cell colors indicate the class of the value. When literature-based data is available, a checkmark (✓) indicates a correct prediction, while an ✗ indicates an incorrect prediction.

Literature-based phenotypes: 8

LLM predicted phenotypes: 5

Phenotype	High-quality annotation	google/gemini-pro-1.5	meta-llama/llama-3-8b-instruct:nitro	google/gemini-flash-1.5	anthropic/claude-3-haiku:beta	google/gemma-7b-it	mistralai/mixtral-8x7b-instruct:nitro	anthropic/claude-3.5-sonnet	meta-llama/llama-3-70b-instruct:nitro	mistralai/mistral-7b-instruct	openai/gpt-3.5-turbo-0125	openai/gpt-3.5-turbo-0125	google/palm-2-chat-bison-32k	google/palm-2-chat-bison-32k	google/gemini-pro	google/gemini-pro	openai/gpt-4o	openai/gpt-4o	openai/gpt-4	openai/gpt-4	perplexity/llama-3-sonar-small-32k-chat	perplexity/llama-3-sonar-small-32k-chat	openchat/openchat-7b	openchat/openchat-7b	microsoft/phi-3-mini-128k-instruct	microsoft/phi-3-mini-128k-instruct	microsoft/wizardlm-2-8x22b	microsoft/wizardlm-2-8x22b
Motility	N/A	true	true	false	true	true	false	false	true	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	false	true	true	false	false	false	false	true	true
Gram staining	gram stain negative	gram stain negative ✓	gram stain negative ✓	gram stain negative ✓	gram stain negative ✓	gram stain negative ✓	gram stain negative ✓	gram stain negative ✓	gram stain negative ✓	gram stain variable ✗	N/A	gram stain negative ✓	N/A	gram stain negative ✓	N/A	gram stain negative ✓	N/A	gram stain negative ✓	N/A	gram stain negative ✓	N/A	gram stain negative ✓	N/A	gram stain negative ✓	N/A	gram stain negative ✓	N/A	gram stain negative ✓
Aerophilicity	aerobic	aerobic ✓	aerotolerant ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	N/A	N/A	facultatively anaerobic ✗	N/A	N/A	N/A	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	facultatively anaerobic ✗	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Extreme environment tolerance	FALSE	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓
Biofilm formation	N/A	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	false	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	false	false	false	false	true	true
Animal pathogenicity	TRUE	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓
Biosafety level	biosafety level 1	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗
Health association	N/A	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true
Host association	N/A	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true
Plant pathogenicity	FALSE	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓
Spore formation	FALSE	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓
Hemolysis	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	alpha	alpha	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Cell shape	bacillus	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	coccus ✗	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	coccus ✗	coccus ✗	coccus ✗	coccus ✗	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓

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