Aliivibrio salmonicida

General Information

Aliivibrio salmonicida is a fascinating microorganism primarily known for its role as a pathogen in marine environments, particularly affecting fish species such as salmon. This bacterium is the causative agent of cold-water vibriosis, a disease that can lead to significant economic losses in aquaculture due to its impact on fish health. One of the most intriguing aspects of A. salmonicida is its ability to thrive in cold temperatures, which is relatively uncommon among pathogenic bacteria. This adaptation makes it particularly well-suited to infecting fish in colder marine environments, such as those found in the North Atlantic and Arctic regions. From a research perspective, A. salmonicida is valuable for studying the mechanisms of cold adaptation in bacteria. Its genome contains several genes that are believed to play a role in its ability to survive and proliferate at low temperatures. Understanding these genetic adaptations can provide insights into microbial life in extreme environments and may have applications in biotechnology, such as the development of cold-active enzymes. Another noteworthy characteristic of A. salmonicida is its bioluminescence. Like other members of the Vibrionaceae family, this bacterium can produce light through a biochemical reaction involving the enzyme luciferase. This trait not only makes A. salmonicida an interesting subject for studying bioluminescence but also has potential applications in developing biosensors and other biotechnological tools. In summary, Aliivibrio salmonicida is a unique and valuable microorganism for scientific research due to its cold adaptation, pathogenicity in marine environments, and bioluminescent properties. These characteristics make it a key organism for studies in marine biology, microbial ecology, and biotechnology.

Aliivibrio salmonicida is a notable marine bacterium primarily recognized for its role as a pathogen in fish, particularly in salmonids. This organism is of significant interest due to its ability to cause serious diseases such as cold water vibriosis, which can lead to substantial economic losses in aquaculture. The bacterium thrives in cold seawater environments, making it particularly relevant in the context of fish farming in colder regions. One of the unique aspects of A. salmonicida is its virulence factors, which include a range of secreted proteins that facilitate its pathogenicity. These factors enable the bacterium to evade the host's immune response, making it a compelling subject for research into host-pathogen interactions. Understanding these mechanisms can provide insights into developing effective vaccines and treatments for affected fish populations. Additionally, A. salmonicida has been studied for its genetic diversity and adaptability, which are crucial for its survival in various environmental conditions. This adaptability raises questions about the potential for the bacterium to evolve and develop resistance to treatments, highlighting the need for ongoing research in microbial ecology and aquaculture management. Furthermore, the study of A. salmonicida contributes to the broader understanding of marine microbiomes and their interactions with aquatic organisms. Its presence in marine ecosystems underscores the importance of monitoring and managing microbial populations to maintain healthy aquatic environments. Overall, Aliivibrio salmonicida serves as a vital model organism for exploring the complexities of marine pathogens and their impact on fish health and aquaculture sustainability.

Taxonomy

Superkingdom: Bacteria

Phylum: Pseudomonadota

Class: Gammaproteobacteria

Order: Vibrionales

Family: Vibrionaceae

Genus: Aliivibrio

Species: Aliivibrio salmonicida

NCBI ID

40269

Genome Info

FTP Path:
ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genomes/all/GCF/003/942/025/GCF_003942025.1_ASM394202v1

File for sequence-based predictions:
GCF_003942025.1_ASM394202v1_genomic.fasta

Descriptions

Clinical Implications and Relevance

Source: gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18

The bacterium Aliivibrio salmonicida is primarily known for its role as a pathogen in aquaculture, particularly affecting salmon and other fish species. It is responsible for cold water vibriosis, a severe disease that can lead to significant mortality in fish populations. The clinical implications of A. salmonicida extend beyond aquaculture, as it can also pose risks to human health through the consumption of infected seafood. Infections in fish are characterized by symptoms such as skin lesions, hemorrhaging, and systemic infections, which can devastate fish stocks and impact the fishing industry. In terms of pathogenicity, A. salmonicida employs various strategies to evade the host immune response, including the production of virulence factors that enhance its survival in the host environment. This bacterium can form biofilms, which contribute to its persistence in aquatic environments and complicate treatment efforts. Moreover, there are growing concerns regarding antimicrobial resistance in A. salmonicida, as the use of antibiotics in aquaculture can lead to the development of resistant strains. This resistance not only complicates treatment options for infected fish but also raises concerns about the potential transfer of resistant genes to other bacteria, which could impact human health. While A. salmonicida is primarily a fish pathogen, its study has implications for understanding zoonotic diseases and the dynamics of antibiotic resistance in aquatic environments. Research into vaccines and alternative therapeutics is ongoing, aiming to mitigate the impact of this pathogen in aquaculture and reduce the reliance on antibiotics.

Habitat and Ecological Niches

Source: gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18

Aliivibrio salmonicida is primarily associated with marine environments, particularly in the coastal regions where it thrives in brackish waters and estuaries. This bacterium is known to inhabit the skin and gills of fish, especially salmonids, making it a significant pathogen in aquaculture. Its presence in these habitats is often linked to the stress conditions of the fish, such as overcrowding or poor water quality, which can lead to outbreaks of disease. In these marine ecosystems, A. salmonicida plays a dual role: it acts as a pathogen that can cause severe infections in fish, leading to high mortality rates, and it also participates in the decomposition of organic matter, contributing to nutrient cycling. The bacterium's ability to form biofilms on surfaces in the aquatic environment enhances its survival and pathogenicity. Furthermore, A. salmonicida exhibits notable interactions with its surroundings, including symbiotic relationships with other microorganisms, which can influence its virulence and ecological impact. Its adaptability to varying salinity levels and temperatures allows it to thrive in diverse aquatic habitats, making it a key player in the health dynamics of fish populations and the overall balance of the marine ecosystem.

Industrial Application

Source: gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18

The microorganism Aliivibrio salmonicida is primarily known for its role in aquaculture, particularly as a pathogen affecting fish species. However, its potential industrial applications extend beyond its pathogenicity. One notable area is biotechnology, where Aliivibrio salmonicida can be utilized in the development of vaccines and diagnostic tools for fish diseases, enhancing the health management of aquaculture operations. This is particularly important in the context of fermentation processes that can be optimized for producing bioproducts related to fish health. In the realm of waste management, Aliivibrio salmonicida has been studied for its ability to degrade organic matter in aquatic environments, which can be beneficial in biodegradation processes aimed at reducing pollution in fish farming systems. This capability can help in maintaining water quality and reducing the impact of aquaculture on surrounding ecosystems. Furthermore, there is potential for Aliivibrio salmonicida in pharmaceutical development, particularly in the discovery of novel antimicrobial compounds. The organism's unique metabolic pathways may lead to the identification of new bioactive substances that can be harnessed for therapeutic purposes. Overall, while Aliivibrio salmonicida is primarily recognized for its pathogenic effects, its applications in biotechnology, waste management, and pharmaceutical development highlight its versatility and importance in various industrial sectors.

Phenotypes and Predictions

The table shows the phenotypes and predictions. Cell colors indicate the class of the value. When literature-based data is available, a checkmark (✓) indicates a correct prediction, while an ✗ indicates an incorrect prediction.

Literature-based phenotypes: 8

LLM predicted phenotypes: 5

Phenotype	High-quality annotation	openai/gpt-4o	openai/gpt-4o	anthropic/claude-3.5-sonnet	anthropic/claude-3.5-sonnet	openai/gpt-4	openai/gpt-4	anthropic/claude-3-haiku:beta	google/gemma-7b-it	mistralai/mixtral-8x7b-instruct:nitro	google/gemini-pro	google/gemini-flash-1.5	perplexity/llama-3-sonar-small-32k-chat	openchat/openchat-7b	microsoft/phi-3-mini-128k-instruct	openai/gpt-3.5-turbo-0125	openai/gpt-3.5-turbo-0125	meta-llama/llama-3-70b-instruct:nitro	meta-llama/llama-3-70b-instruct:nitro	google/gemini-pro-1.5	google/gemini-pro-1.5	meta-llama/llama-3-8b-instruct:nitro	meta-llama/llama-3-8b-instruct:nitro	google/palm-2-chat-bison-32k	google/palm-2-chat-bison-32k	microsoft/wizardlm-2-8x22b	microsoft/wizardlm-2-8x22b	mistralai/mistral-7b-instruct	mistralai/mistral-7b-instruct
Motility	N/A	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true
Gram staining	gram stain negative	N/A	gram stain negative ✓	N/A	gram stain negative ✓	N/A	gram stain negative ✓	gram stain negative ✓	gram stain negative ✓	gram stain negative ✓	gram stain negative ✓	gram stain negative ✓	gram stain negative ✓	gram stain negative ✓	gram stain negative ✓	N/A	gram stain negative ✓	N/A	gram stain negative ✓	N/A	gram stain negative ✓	N/A	gram stain negative ✓	N/A	gram stain negative ✓	N/A	gram stain negative ✓	N/A	gram stain negative ✓
Aerophilicity	N/A	facultatively anaerobic	facultatively anaerobic	facultatively anaerobic	facultatively anaerobic	facultatively anaerobic	facultatively anaerobic	N/A	N/A	facultatively anaerobic	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	aerobic	aerobic	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Extreme environment tolerance	FALSE	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	true ✗	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	true ✗	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	true ✗	true ✗
Biofilm formation	N/A	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true
Animal pathogenicity	TRUE	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	false ✗	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓
Biosafety level	biosafety level 1	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 1 ✓	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 2 ✗	biosafety level 3 ✗	biosafety level 3 ✗
Health association	N/A	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true	true
Host association	TRUE	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	false ✗	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	false ✗	false ✗	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓	true ✓
Plant pathogenicity	FALSE	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓
Spore formation	FALSE	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓	false ✓
Hemolysis	N/A	beta	beta	beta	beta	beta	beta	beta	alpha	N/A	gamma	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	beta	beta	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Cell shape	bacillus	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	coccus ✗	spirillum ✗	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓	bacillus ✓

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